What Is Lockout/Tagout and How Does It Work?

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Lockout/Tagout, combined with tryout, is a technique used to prevent hazardous energy from being released during the servicing of equipment. It works by placing locks and energy-isolation devices before work begins, with the goal of reaching a zero-energy state.

What Are the Types of Hazardous Energy?

Hazardous energy comes in many forms, and LOTO addresses each one.

  • Electrical
  • Chemical
  • Pneumatic
  • Radiation
  • Hydraulic
  • Steam
  • Mechanical
  • Spring-driven
  • Thermal
  • Gravity

What Are the Basics of Lockout/Tagout?

Lockout and tagout always work together.

  • Lockout and tagout must be used together
  • Each isolation point must have both a lock and a tag
  • Locks must be standardized and used only for LOTO
  • LOTO locks must have only one key
  • The key must stay in the possession of the person who installed the lock
  • LOTO locks and tags are for personal protection only, not for operational controls

What Must Be on a Lockout Tag?

Every tag has to make the lockout clear and accountable.

  • The name of the authorized employee who applied the lockout device
  • The date the tag was applied
  • The reason for the lockout, briefly describing why the equipment is locked out
  • Prominent warnings such as “Do Not Operate” or “Danger”

What Is the Goal of Lockout/Tagout?

The goal of LOTO is to achieve a zero-energy state and remove both sources of energy.

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